Last updated: 21 September 2026
Country guide
Country guide
Country by country: whether the state is party to the Apostille Convention, its competent authority and its relation with Türkiye, with sources.
Translation in the chain
Where does the translation fit?
- Document going abroad The sources describe two routes: an apostille on the original, or a translation certified by a notary with the apostille then confirming the notary’s signature. The receiving authority says which it wants.
- Foreign document used in Türkiye The sources describe an apostille in its country first, then a Turkish translation with notary certification; the Turkish institution receiving it confirms its own requirement.
- Sometimes none is needed Multilingual civil status extracts and some treaties remove the translation or the apostille. The authority that receives the document decides.
The translation office behind this site translates documents for these chains. Tell us the document, the target language and the country.
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- Afghanistan: two legalisation routes for inbound records Legalisation Afghanistan has no row in the HCCH status table. An Afghan diploma or civil record enters Türkiye by one of two routes, then is translated.
- Albania: five withdrawn objections, one apostille office Apostille Turkish documents go to Albania with an apostille since 2004; five objections were withdrawn by 2018, and one office places Albanian apostilles.
- Algeria: five apostille ministries and the Turkish route Apostille The HCCH date for Algeria is 9 July 2026. Five ministries place apostilles there, by document type; Austria, Greece and Germany objected.
- Andorra: one ministry, several signatories, isi.govern.ad Apostille The Andorra row shows 31 December 1996. Named officials of one ministry sign the certificate, and it can be looked up at isi.govern.ad.
- Antigua and Barbuda: certificates signed in London too Apostille Bound by succession from 1 November 1981. Two senior ministry officials sign, and so do two officers of the London High Commission.
- Armenia: two ministries and e-apostilles since April 2021 Apostille The Armenia row shows 14 August 1994, no objection; two ministries hold the authority, and Justice has placed e-apostilles since April 2021.
- Bahamas: one ministry, five ranks and a 1973 start Apostille Bound by succession from 10 July 1973, notified in 1976. Only senior foreign ministry officials, across five ranks, sign the certificate.
- Bahrain: QR-coded electronic apostilles since December 2015 Apostille The Bahrain row shows 31 December 2013 with no objection; Manama has placed electronic apostilles since December 2015, verified only by QR code.
- Bangladesh: twelve objections and a missing list entry Apostille The Bangladesh row shows 30 March 2025; twelve states objected, Türkiye did not. E-apostilles since April 2025; the Turkish e-Apostil list omits it.
- Barbados: a 1995 notice and four certifying bodies Apostille The Convention runs back to 30 November 1966, though the notice came in 1995. Law officers, a court, a registry and diplomats sign.
- Belarus: a succession record and four apostille authorities Apostille The Belarus row is a succession entry: 16 June 1992 in the table, 31 May 1992 in the date column. Four authorities place apostilles by document type.
- Belize: company papers and two certifying authorities Apostille The Belize row shows 11 April 1993. Certificates come from the Registrar General or the International Financial Services Commission.
- Bolivia: absent from the Turkish e-Apostil country list Apostille The Bolivia row shows 7 May 2018, no objection; Foreign Affairs signs in three cities, electronically since 2019. The Turkish e-Apostil list omits it.
- Botswana: from District Commissioners to lower courts Apostille In Botswana, named office holders rather than an institution certify. HCCH date 16 September 1968; effect runs back to 30 September 1966.
- Brunei: certificates from the Supreme and lower courts Apostille Brunei acceded on 23 February 1987; date shown 3 December 1987. Only court officers certify; the fee note uses a bare dollar sign.
- Burundi: four European objections and one director general Apostille Burundi’s row shows 13 February 2015. Austria, Germany, Czechia and Poland objected; Türkiye did not. One director general certifies.
- Cabo Verde: two directorates general and CIEC 16 since 2015 Apostille Cabo Verde’s row shows 13 February 2010, no objection. Registry and consular directorates general certify; it also acceded to CIEC 16.
- Chile: four authorities and e-apostilles since August 2016 Apostille The Chile row shows 30 August 2016, no objection; the HCCH names four authorities, and electronic apostilles began the same month, August 2016.
- Cook Islands: on the HCCH table, off the e-Apostil list Apostille The Cook Islands acceded in 2004; date shown 30 April 2005. Absent from the Turkish e-Apostil list; the foreign ministry certifies.
- Costa Rica: no e-apostille row, a register link to Colombia Apostille The Costa Rica row shows 14 December 2011, no objection; no e-apostille is recorded, and the e-APP register link opens a Colombian page.
- Cuba: no apostille reflex on a Latin American file Legalisation Cuba has no row in the HCCH status table. A Turkish diploma or civil record for Havana carries a Spanish translation and four stamps, no apostille.
- Cyprus: why the apostille position stays unverified Not verified The HCCH record for Cyprus and Türkiye’s two official lists do not match; this page claims nothing either way and shows which office to ask.
- Dominica: Attorney General, Registrar and a 2002 notice Apostille Bound by succession from 3 November 1978, notified in 2002. The Attorney General, the Solicitor General and two registrars sign.
- Dominican Republic: German objection, e-apostille 2020 Apostille The Dominican row shows 30 August 2009; Germany’s objection stands, three states withdrew theirs. MIREX has placed electronic apostilles since June 2020.
- Ecuador: e-apostilles by email since July 2024 Apostille The Ecuador row shows 2 April 2005, no objection; since July 2024 the electronic certificate reaches the applicant by email with a QR code.
- Egypt: legalisation both ways and the membership trap Legalisation Egypt sits in the Hague Conference but has no row in the apostille status table: legalisation in both directions and the order of translation.
- El Salvador: QR-coded e-apostilles since December 2022 Apostille El Salvador’s row shows 31 May 1996, with no objection. Foreign ministry offices certify, electronically with a QR code since 2022.
- Estonia: apostilles from notaries and e-Apostille since 2017 Apostille Estonian notaries place apostilles, electronic since December 2017; Turkish multilingual extracts need none; the EU regulation skips Turkish papers.
- Eswatini: missing from the Turkish e-Apostil country list Apostille Eswatini has a row in the HCCH table but not in the Turkish e-Apostil country list. The foreign ministry certifies; effect runs back to 1968.
- Ethiopia: Amharic or English decides where the chain starts Legalisation Ethiopia has no row in the HCCH status table. A Turkish document takes four stamps, and the choice between Amharic and English fixes the first link.
- Fiji: a succession record and the Permanent Secretary Apostille Fiji’s link began with a British extension and continued by a 1971 notice; date 10 October 1970. A single Permanent Secretary signs.
- Ghana: dated documents against a four-link calendar Legalisation No HCCH row for Ghana: a Turkish criminal record extract or medical report enters a four-stamp chain on a calendar; no stamp renews it.
- Grenada: accession, not succession, and a 2002 start Apostille Grenada acceded on 17 July 2001; its relationship with Türkiye starts on 7 April 2002. Two officials of the foreign and trade ministry sign.
- Guatemala: a non-recognition declaration and e-apostilles Apostille Guatemala’s row shows 18 September 2017 and a non-recognition declaration. Its foreign ministry has issued e-apostilles since 2021.
- Guyana: apostilles since 2019 and a protocol department Apostille Guyana acceded on 30 July 2018; the relationship with Türkiye starts on 18 April 2019. A protocol and consular department certifies.
- Honduras: one ministry and a fee line in lempiras Apostille Honduras’s row shows 30 September 2004, with no objection either way. The foreign ministry certifies; the fee is given in lempiras.
- Iceland: 2004 ratification and the Utanríkisráðuneytið Apostille Iceland signed on 7 September 2004 and ratified that month; date shown 27 November 2004. The HCCH page gives no fee and no update date.
- Iran: a land border that does not shorten the chain Legalisation Iran has no HCCH row. A Turkish document is stamped in order: Persian translation, notary, governor’s office, Foreign Ministry, Iranian mission.
- Iraq: consular legalisation instead of an apostille Legalisation Iraq has no row in the HCCH status table. A Turkish document goes through translation, notary, governor’s office, Foreign Ministry and Iraqi mission.
- Jamaica: apostilles from July 2021 and a Kingston ministry Apostille Jamaica acceded on 2 November 2020; date shown 3 July 2021. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade certifies; no fee on the HCCH page.
- Jordan: what Hague membership does not change Legalisation Jordan is a Hague Conference Member with no row in the apostille status table; Turkish school records reach Amman by consular legalisation.
- Kenya: company papers on a four-stamp chain Legalisation No HCCH row for Kenya: Turkish trade register extracts and signature circulars take four stamps; the Kenyan office names the language.
- Kosovo: the objection list and where Türkiye stands Apostille The Kosovo row carries the date 14 July 2016. An HCCH note lists 31 states with which the Convention does not apply; Türkiye is not among them.
- Kuwait: reading the seals on a Turkish work file Legalisation Kuwait has no row in the HCCH status table. A Turkish diploma or criminal record arrives with four stamps in a fixed order; this page reads them.
- Latvia: Council of Sworn Notaries and ETS 063 since 2022 Apostille Latvia’s Council of Sworn Notaries places apostilles, electronic since 2019; Turkish multilingual forms need one, consular papers none since 2022.
- Lebanon: legalisation order differs by direction Legalisation No HCCH row for Lebanon: four stamps take a Turkish document to Beirut, two routes bring a Lebanese one to Türkiye, and the language is asked first.
- Lesotho: magistrates on the list and a 1966 start Apostille In Lesotho the Attorney-General, Permanent Secretaries, the High Court Registrar and magistrates certify. HCCH date 1972, effect from 1966.
- Liberia: registries, maritime affairs and three objections Apostille Liberia’s row shows 8 February 1996. Belgium and Germany objected; the US withdrew its objection in 2015. Company registrars also certify.
- Libya: company documents through the consular chain Legalisation Libya has no row in the HCCH table. Turkish signature circulars and trade register extracts take four legalisation links that begin at a notary.
- Liechtenstein: Vaduz chancellery and ETS 063 since 1973 Apostille Liechtenstein signed in 1962 and ratified in 1972; its relationship with Türkiye began on 29 September 1985. The Government Chancellery certifies.
- Lithuania: notarial apostilles since 2016, outside ETS 063 Apostille Lithuanian notaries place apostilles, with no e-register; Turkish multilingual extracts pass without one, consular papers have no 1968 exemption.
- Luxembourg: three exemptions and e-Apostille since May 2026 Apostille Three exemption treaties with Türkiye spare the Turkish civil documents they cover an apostille in Luxembourg; e-Apostilles carry a QR code since May 2026.
- Malawi: a 1967 accession and notaries who certify Apostille Malawi acceded in 1967 rather than by succession; HCCH date 2 December 1967. Notaries public are among the certifying officers.
- Malaysia: student files and the membership misreading Legalisation Malaysia is a Hague Conference Member with no row in the apostille table; Turkish school records for a Malaysian university take four stamps.
- Malta: one ministry for apostilles, ETS 063 since 2018 Apostille One Maltese ministry places apostilles, no e-register known; Turkish multilingual forms still need one there, consular papers are exempt since 2018.
- Marshall Islands: six authorities and a Zurich office Apostille The Marshall Islands row shows 14 August 1992. Ministers, courts, company registrars and maritime officials certify, one office in Zurich.
- Mauritius: succession, a backdated date and Kosovo Apostille Mauritius came under the Convention by a UK extension and stayed by succession. The Prime Minister’s Office certifies; Mauritius objected to Kosovo.
- Moldova: two apostille authorities, e-Apostille since 2013 Apostille Moldova splits apostilles between its Foreign Ministry and a Justice Ministry agency, e-Apostille since 2013; Germany’s objection ended in July 2026.
- Monaco: judicial services sign, not French notaries Apostille The Monaco row shows 31 December 2002. The Direction des Services Judiciaires certifies; the HCCH e-APP chart has no row for Monaco.
- Mongolia: five objectors and a 2025 electronic apostille Apostille The Mongolia row shows 31 December 2009; five European states objected, Türkiye did not. Since September 2025 Ulaanbaatar places e-apostilles.
- Namibia: apostilles from a ministry or two court registrars Apostille The Namibia row shows 30 January 2001, no objection; the Justice ministry and the registrars of two courts place apostilles, none electronic.
- Nicaragua: an objection to Kosovo and a Cancillería link Apostille Nicaragua’s row shows 14 May 2013; Nicaragua objected to Kosovo. The foreign ministry certifies, with a register link at cancilleria.gob.ni.
- Nigeria: an English birth record still needs the chain Legalisation No HCCH row for Nigeria: a Nigerian birth record and single-status certificate for a Turkish marriage are legalised first, translated after.
- Niue: seven certifying titles and an undated page Apostille Niue acceded on 10 June 1998; date shown 2 March 1999. Seven titles certify, from the Attorney General to the Secretary to Government.
- Northern Cyprus: exemption under the 2003 agreement Exempt by treaty Between Türkiye and Northern Cyprus, article 27 of a 2003 bilateral agreement replaces both the apostille and the consular chain with an exemption.
- Oman: the 2021 declaration that excludes commercial papers Apostille The Oman row shows 30 January 2012; a 2021 declaration limits the apostille to civil public documents, and Muscat’s authority record carries no date.
- Pakistan: eight objections that do not touch Türkiye Apostille The Pakistan row shows 9 March 2023; eight European states objected, Türkiye did not. Apostilles from six cities, checked online by QR code.
- Palau: apostilles since 2020 and the Clerk of Courts Apostille Palau acceded on 17 October 2019; date shown 23 June 2020. The Minister of State and the Supreme Court’s Clerk of Courts share the power.
- Panama: three authorities, two of them in the e-APP chart Apostille The Panama row shows 4 August 1991; three authorities sign by document type; e-apostilles from the judiciary since 2023, Foreign Affairs since 2025.
- Paraguay: register only, German objection lifted in 2022 Apostille The Paraguay row shows 30 August 2014; Germany’s objection ended in 2022. No e-apostille is recorded; the register sits under mre.gov.py.
- Peru: Lima and seven regional offices, e-apostille 2021 Apostille The Peru row shows 30 September 2010; Germany and Greece withdrew their objections. Foreign Affairs signs at eight addresses, electronic since 2021.
- Portugal: prosecutors’ apostilles and two CIEC exemptions Apostille Portuguese apostilles come from prosecutors, with no e-register; Turkish multilingual extracts and marriage papers are exempt under CIEC 16 and 17.
- Qatar: Hague member with no row in the apostille table Legalisation Qatar belongs to the Hague Conference yet has no row in the apostille status table. Turkish documents go through consular legalisation.
- Rwanda: e-apostilles from 2024, real estate powers excluded Apostille The Rwanda row shows 5 June 2024, Germany alone objected; Kigali began electronic apostilles that month, and the Turkish e-Apostil list omits Rwanda.
- Saint Kitts and Nevis: separate signatories per island Apostille Acceded in 1994. Law and foreign affairs officials sign on Saint Kitts, Nevis officials on Nevis; a register sits at foreign.gov.kn.
- Saint Lucia: five certifying bodies and a company registry Apostille Saint Lucia acceded on 5 December 2001; start 31 July 2002. Two ministries, two registries and the Solicitor General hold the power.
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: four authorities Apostille Bound by succession from 27 October 1979, notified in 2002. Four authorities certify, one of them a financial services regulator.
- San Marino: notary channel and ETS 063 from 2025 Apostille The San Marino row shows 13 February 1995 and the Minister of Foreign Affairs certifies. ETS 063 has covered consular papers since 5 September 2025.
- Senegal: 2023 accession and the Dutch objection withdrawn Apostille The Senegal row shows 23 March 2023; Germany and Austria objected, the Dutch withdrawal applies from 2026. Three officials of one ministry sign apostilles.
- Seychelles: four certifying authorities and a 1979 date Apostille The Seychelles row shows 31 March 1979; the relationship with Türkiye began on 29 September 1985. Four authorities certify; the HCCH page has no fee.
- Singapore: apostilles from the Academy of Law since 2021 Apostille The Singapore row shows 16 September 2021, no objections; the Singapore Academy of Law places the apostille, electronic since June 2025.
- Slovakia: eight kinds of apostille authority, no exemptions Apostille Slovakia spreads apostilles over eight kinds of authority and has no e-Apostille; with no extra treaty with Türkiye, even multilingual forms need one.
- Slovenia: Yugoslav succession and court e-Apostilles Apostille Slovenia’s HCCH row rests on Yugoslav succession; courts and the Justice Ministry apostille, electronic since 2015; Turkish forms A, B, C need none.
- Sudan: what each of the four stamps attests Legalisation Sudan has no row in the HCCH status table. A Turkish document collects four stamps, each one attesting the signature of the link before it.
- Suriname: a Dutch extension and the Court of Justice Apostille Suriname stayed bound by succession to the 1967 Dutch extension, from 25 November 1975. The Registrar of the Court of Justice certifies.
- Syria: stamps first, Turkish version last on inbound files Legalisation Syria has no row in the HCCH status table. Syrian birth, marriage and school records reach a Turkish office by one of two routes, translated last.
- Tajikistan: three objections and the apostille.tj register Apostille The Tajikistan row shows 31 October 2015; Austria, Belgium and Germany objected, Türkiye did not. Two ministries; online register.
- Tanzania: Rwanda apostilles, Tanzanian consular stamps Legalisation Tanzania has no row in the HCCH status table; neighbouring Rwanda has one. A Tanzanian record reaches Türkiye by consular stamps, translated last.
- Thailand: the route before and after 28 February 2027 Apostille soon The HCCH table shows 28 February 2027 for Thailand: consular legalisation until then, the apostille chain from that day on.
- Tonga: succession and certifying diplomatic missions Apostille Tonga notified succession in 1971, effective 4 June 1970. The foreign ministry certifies, and so do some Tongan diplomatic missions.
- Trinidad and Tobago: three authorities, split unconfirmed Apostille The row shows 14 July 2000. The Registrar General, the Education ministry and the Foreign and CARICOM Affairs ministry share the certifying power.
- Tunisia: only notaries place apostilles since 1 March 2019 Apostille The Tunisia row shows 30 March 2018; Germany, Austria and Greece objected, Belgium’s objection ended in 2025. Listed notaries place Tunisian apostilles.
- Turkmenistan: the odd one out in Central Asia Legalisation Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan place e-apostilles; Turkmenistan has no HCCH row. Turkish student and work documents go through consular legalisation.
- United Arab Emirates: the double legalisation route Legalisation The Emirates have no row in the HCCH table. A Turkish document takes double legalisation: the Turkish Foreign Ministry, then the Emirati mission.
- Uruguay: 18 September 2023 e-apostille and two registers Apostille The Uruguay row shows 14 October 2012, no objection; e-apostilles since 18 September 2023, and the HCCH gives two register addresses.
- Vanuatu: a two-state extension and a 2008 notification Apostille The Convention reached Vanuatu via a British and French extension; notified in 2008, backdated to 1980. A financial regulator also certifies.
- Venezuela: four registers by date and “Venezuella” Apostille The Venezuela row shows 16 March 1999; certificates are electronic since April 2019 and checked in four registers by date of issue.
- Vietnam: apostille route and the three objecting states Apostille The HCCH date for Vietnam is 11 September 2026: Turkish documents now take the apostille chain; three objections touch third-country files.
- Yemen: which Turkish office certifies the mission stamp Legalisation Yemen has no row in the HCCH status table. The mission’s stamp is certified by the Ministry in Ankara or by the governor of the mission’s province.